DIP 10Mhz Quartz oscillator based on Seiko NPC HA5022A3 : weekend die-shot

Seiko NPC HA5022A3 contains internal load capacitors, oscillator with amplitude limiting (for reduced power consumption) and optional frequency divider.
Die size 976x770 µm.

Quartz crystal is mounted on springs - in order to reduce impact of vibration on oscillation stability and to make it's damage less likely:


There is an oscillator IC soldered on the ceramic PCB, as well as 0.01uF power supply decoupling cap. It seems we need to go deeper:

NXP PMST3904 - npn BJT transistor : weekend die-shot

Die size 267x265 µm.

BFR93 - BJT RF transistor : weekend die-shot

BFR93 is a popular, BJT npn RF transistor.
Die size 265x264 µm. Transistor itself occupy only small part of the die - it is impractical to cut smaller die, it is already almost a silicon cube:

10Mhz Quartz SMD oscillator based on Seiko NPC SM5009 : weekend die-shot

Seiko NPC SM5009 contains internal load capacitors, oscillator with amplitude limiting (for reduced power consumption) and optional frequency divider.

Die size 1194x897 µm, 800nm technology.

OnSemi MMBT2222A - npn BJT transistor : weekend die-shot

Die size 343x343 µm. Comparing to NXP BC847B die area is 1.5x larger (0.118 vs 0.076mm²), but maximum continuous collector current is 6 times higher (600mA vs 100mA, SOT-23 in both cases). This huge increase in current per transistor area is achieved by shunting thin (=high-resistance) base layer with metal. High resistance of base layer is the limiting factor for maximum collector current in BC847B.

NXP 2N7002 N-channel MOSFET : weekend die-shot

Die size 377x377 µm.

Hexagonal cells of TrenchMOS transistor has 4µm size.

Espressif ESP8266 WiFi-serial interface : weekend die-shot

Since August of 2014 internet is literally blown by WiFi-serial modules on new ESP8266 chip which are currently being sold for less than 4$. Chinese company Espressif managed to cram entire WiFi, TCP/IP and HTTP stack into on-chip memory, without external DRAM. Analog front-end requires minimal external components, all filters are internal. All this allowed them to offer extremely aggressive price. Chip has marking ESP8089, which is their more advanced 40nm product. Apparently, they only differ in bonding and ROM content.

Die size 2050x2169 µm, half of which is occupied by transceiver and PA, 25% - on-chip memory (rough size estimations are ~300KiB), and the rest is Xtensa LX106 CPU core and other digital logic.





Chinese engineers did an outstanding job here on finally making WiFi IoT devices cost effective. Let's hope Espressif will eventually open more internal chip information for amateurs and end users.